The History of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

The literature review examined the history of Dissociation Identity Disorder (DID) previously referred to as Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD). The review dealt with literature from ancient Egyptian times through 1994 when the American Psychological Association (APA) officially changed the term from MPD to DID to the present. The historical review of this mental coping mechanism in the face of trauma began with the ancient Egyptians when some gods were composed of the essence of multiple creatures to form one god. These ancient cultures set a foundation that western culture used to assist in the creation of the field of psychology. The review continues into the late eighteen hundreds as Freud, Charcot, Janet and others not only diagnose a condition of hysteria but initiate treatment. The review continued through the combat trauma war in the twentieth century in which post-traumatic stress was found to lead to DID. From the nineteen-fifties to the nineteen-nineties, several well-publicized cases of MPD were reviewed. The final result is one document that provides therapists and lay-persons alike with the history of dissociation and MPD that assists in their understanding of the condition.